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BUSINESS MANAGEMENT

 

INTRODUCTION

The economic, social, political and technological environments, in which we live continuously demands from managers to change, improve and learn more about their jobs. The study of "business management" is a relevant response to those targets, which are required for practice of management.

Management is an exciting subject because it deals with setting, seeking, and reaching objectives. We are all managers of our lives and practice of management is found every where in human activities e.g.: schools, businesses, government, unions, forces and families.

For management concept of organization is very important. "Organization" means "two or more people who work together in a structured way to achieve a specific goal or set of goals". For most of our lives we are members of one organization or another: colleges, sports team etc. All organizations also have some program to achieve their goals. Organizations also acquire and allocate resources necessary to achieve their goals. "Management" is basically the "Process of planning, organizing, leading and controlling the work of organization members and of using all available organizational resources to reach stated organizational goals".

Establishing and achieving objectives are challenging and rewarding missions for all organizations and it's necessary to overcome managerial hurdles for success. Basically business management is meant to guide and to help the managers to solve such problems.

The purpose of this subject is to prepare the managers of tomorrow to be introducing them today to the issues they will face in their practical life. This course outline contains introduction to management practice and its evolution as well as it explores in depth the current issues that frame the work place, environment and environmental awareness, ethics and social responsibility, globalization, entrepreneur ship culture, diversity, and multiculturalism and quality. It also recognizes the common roles and responsibilities that managers share in their day to day business life. 

OBJECTIVES:

        Following are the main objectives of the course: 

1.  Study of management makes human efforts more productive. It brings better equipment, plans, offices,

     products, services and human relations to our society.


2.   Management brings order to endeavors by combining isolated events and disjointed information into

      meaningful relationships, which solve problems and accomplish goals.


3.  Study of management is about how organizations are managed? More specifically it is about how

     managers can best help their organizations to set and achieve goals.


4.  With the knowledge of how to manage human resources? Managers can set the tone influencing the

     attitude that employees have about their work.


5.   The purpose of this study is acquiring current, relevant management knowledge.

 
6.   Management is meant to develop effective management skills to maximize individual and organizational

      productivity.


7.   It is designed to succinctly educate the newly appointed managers and provide a comprehensive, up to

     date review for experienced practitioners. 

       COURSE CONTENTS

          UNIT: 1 

           FOUNDATION FOR MANAGEMENT STUDIES

  • Management defined

  • Kinds of managers

  • Levels of management
       1. Top Managers
       2. Middle Managers
       3. First line Managers

  • Areas of Management
       1. Marketing Managers
       2. Financial Managers
       3. Operation Managers

  • Basic Management Functions

  • Planning

  • Organizing

  • Actuating

  • Controlling

  • Evolution of Management

  • Classical Perspective
      1. Scientific Management
      2. Administrative

  • Behavioral Perspective
      1. Hawthorne studies
      2. Human Relations

  • Quantitative Perspective
       1. Management Science
       2. Operation Management

  • Contemporary Management

  • System Perspective

  • Contingency Perspective             

UNIT: 2 

                DECISION MAKING

  • Common Problem Areas For Managers

  • Problem Finding Process

  • Opportunity Finding

  • Nature of Managerial Decision Making

  • Programmed & Non-Programmed Decisions

  • Certainty, Risk, Uncertainty

  • Rational Model of Decision Making

  • Investigating Situation

  • Develop Alternatives

  • Select Best Alternative

  • Implement & Monitor Decision            

UNIT: 3

                 PLANNING

  • Planning -------An Overview

  • Advantages & Disadvantages of Planning

  • Hierarchy of Organizational Plans

  • Strategic Plans

  • Operational Plans

  • Major steps in Planning

  • Why Managers Resist Planning

  • Who Performs Planning

  • Why Plans Go Wrong

  • Types Of Management Plans

  • Policy

  • Procedure

  • Method

  • Standard

  • Budget

  • Program

  • Techno factor           

 

UNIT: 4

            ORGANIZING

  • Importance Of Organizing

  • Four Building Blocks

  • Division Of Work

  • Departmentalization

  • Hierarchy

  • Co-Ordination

  • Types Of Organizational Structure:
    * Functional Organization
    * Product Organization
    * Matrix Organization

  • Power & its Sources

  • Authority

  • Basis Of Formal Authority

  • Classical

  • Acceptance View

  • Delegation

  • Advantages & Disadvantages of delegation

  • Advantages & Disadvantages of Centralization & decentralization

  • Job Design & Its Approaches:
    * Mechanistic job Design
    * Motivational Job design
    * Job Enlargement
    * Job Enrichment
    * Biological Job Design             

UNIT: 5 

                ACTUATING

  • Motivation --- Definition

  • Assumptions of Motivation

  • Theories of Motivation

  • Need Theory

  • Three Need

  • Two Factor Theory

  • Reinforcement theory

  • Goal Setting Theory

  • Leader Ship

  • Approaches To Leader Ship:

  • Trait Approach

  • Behavioral Approach

  • Contingency Approach

  • Communication

  • Importance Of Communication

  • Communication Process

  • Vertical Communication

  • Lateral & Informal communication

  • Stability Of Negotiation Out Comes:
    * Integrative Process
    * Distributive Process           

UNIT: 6 

              CONTROLLING

  • Meaning Of Control

  • Control Process

  • Measuring Performance

  • Why Control is Needed

  • Types Of Control:

  • Preliminary Control

  • Concurrent Control

  • Feed Back Control

  • Designing Control Systems:
    * Identifying key Performance Areas
    * Identifying Strategic Control Points